2026年2月11日
Demand for platelets up 50% in 5yrs
[Posted: Wed 18/10/2006]
Xagena Medicina (Italy) | 10/18
By Deborah Condon
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The demand for platelets - vital components of blood used in the treatment of cancer - has increased by 50% over the last five years, the Irish Cancer Society (ICS) has said.
For the first time, it has joined forced with the Irish Blood Transfusion Service (IBTS), to call on more people to become platelet donors.
Platelets are essential as they help enable the blood to clot properly. Chemotherapy often damages a patient's bone marrow cells where the platelets are made. This can make the patient prone to spontaneous bleeding. As a result, cancer patients, especially leukaemia patients, often depend on platelet transfusions while they are undergoing chemotherapy.
A leukaemia patient undergoing chemotherapy may need between four and 10 platelet transfusions per week. A patient undergoing a bone marrow transplant may need up to 60 units of platelets.
In order to meet this demand, the IBTS collects platelets in two ways - pooled and apheresis. Pooled platelets are processed from whole blood donations. It takes four whole blood donations to produce one dose of platelets for patients.
Apheresis is a special type of donation which separates the platelets from the rest of the blood during donation. An apheresis donation collects the same amount of platelets as those pooled from eight to 12 whole blood donations.
"The IBTS is endeavouring to limit patients' exposure to many donors, therefore collecting platelets through apheresis is preferable, to provide the safest possible product for the patient", said Dr William Murphy, national medical director of the IBTS.
He explained that the shelf life of pooled platelets is only five days, while the shelf life of apheresis platelets can be extended from five to seven days.
"At present, only around 40% of platelets supplied to Irish hospitals are collected by apheresis. It is the aim of the IBTS, in association with the ICS, to recruit about 2,000 new platelet donors, in order to supply 100% apheresis platelets within the next three years", Dr Murphy said.
Also speaking at the launch of the campaign was Morgan Hackett (44) from Dublin. He was diagnosed with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in 2000 and was then diagnosed with leukaemia in 2005.
"My leukaemia treatment experience put previous treatments for non-Hodgkin's in the shade. I could not have committed to my chemotherapy without the blood products, including platelets, being available. I simply would not have survived", Mr Hackett explained.
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血小板需求量在5年之內(nèi)上升50％
愛(ài)爾蘭癌癥協(xié)會(huì)說(shuō)：過(guò)去五年以來(lái)，在癌癥病人的治療中對(duì)血小板――這一血液中的重要成分的需求量增加了50％。
這是第一次由愛(ài)爾蘭癌癥協(xié)會(huì)（ICS）和愛(ài)爾蘭輸血服務(wù)機(jī)構(gòu)（IBTS）聯(lián)合起來(lái)去動(dòng)員更多的人成為血小板的捐獻(xiàn)者。
IBTS國(guó)家醫(yī)學(xué)教授威廉墨菲先生說(shuō)：“病人在輸注來(lái)自于多位不同獻(xiàn)血者的血小板時(shí)血小板輸注無(wú)效的可能性會(huì)增加，IBTS正在努力控制這一情況，因此單采血小板能夠最有效地保障提供給病人安全成分的血液制品?！?p>
血小板是非常必要的，它們能夠幫助血液適當(dāng)?shù)啬??；煶３?huì)損害病人的骨髓，而骨髓正是血小板的制造系統(tǒng)，這會(huì)使化療病人在出血時(shí)無(wú)計(jì)可施而危及生命。所以癌癥病人，尤其是白血病患者常常依賴(lài)于血小板的輸注。
一個(gè)白血病患者在接受化療期間每周可能需要輸注4到10單位的血小板。一個(gè)接受骨髓移植的病人可能需要輸注60單位的血小板。
為了滿(mǎn)足這個(gè)需要，IBTS用兩種方法采集血小板――手工合并血小板和單采血小板。手工合并血小板從全血中提取，提供給病人的一個(gè)治療劑量的手工合并血小板來(lái)自于四位獻(xiàn)血者的全血。
單采血小板是一種特殊的獻(xiàn)血模式，在捐獻(xiàn)時(shí)就分離出血小板和其它血液成分。一個(gè)單位單采血小板中血小板的含量相當(dāng)于8到12單位全血中分離出來(lái)的血小板。
他解釋到：手工分離的血小板只能保存5天，而單采血小板可以保存5至7天。
墨菲教授說(shuō)：“目前，在愛(ài)爾蘭的醫(yī)院里輸注血小板的病人只有大約40％是輸注單采血小板。IBTS的目標(biāo)是，聯(lián)合愛(ài)爾蘭癌癥協(xié)會(huì)，招募約2000位新的血小板獻(xiàn)血者，來(lái)保證在接下來(lái)的三年中提供給病人100％的單采血小板輸注?！?p>
同時(shí)在活動(dòng)開(kāi)始時(shí)來(lái)自都柏林的摩根?？铺匕l(fā)言，他在2000被診斷得了非霍奇金淋巴瘤，后來(lái)在2005年被診斷得了白血病。
?？铺叵壬忉尩剑骸拔业陌籽≈委熓窃缙趯?duì)非霍奇金淋巴瘤的治療的基礎(chǔ)上的進(jìn)行的。血液制品是必須的，我無(wú)法想象如果沒(méi)有包括血小板在內(nèi)的血液制品，我的化療能不能順利進(jìn)行，也許我已經(jīng)活不到現(xiàn)在?！?/span>
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